nation of Transcaucasia, lying only south of the colossal mountain scope of the Caucasus and fronting the northwestern furthest point of Asia. Toward the north and east Armenia is limited by Georgia and Azerbaijan, while its neighbors toward the southeast and west are, separately, Iran and Turkey. Naxcivan, an exclave of Azerbaijan, fringes Armenia toward the southwest. The capital is Yerevan (Erevan).
Present day Armenia involves just a little part of old Armenia, one of the world's most seasoned focuses of human advancement. At its stature, Armenia reached out from the south-focal Black Sea drift to the Caspian Sea and from the Mediterranean Sea to Lake Urmia in introduce day Iran. Antiquated Armenia was subjected to consistent outside invasions, at long last losing its self-governance in the fourteenth century CE. The hundreds of years long manage of Ottoman and Persian champions jeopardized the very presence of the Armenian individuals. Eastern Armenia was attached by Russia amid the nineteenth century; western Armenia stayed under Turkish administer, and in 1894– 96 and 1915 Turkey executed efficient slaughters and constrained extraditions of Armenians.
The bit of Armenia existing in the previous Russian Empire proclaimed autonomy on May 28, 1918, however in 1920 it was attacked by powers from Turkey and Soviet Russia. The Soviet Republic of Armenia was built up on November 29, 1920; in 1922 Armenia turned out to be a piece of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic; and in 1936 this republic was broken down and Armenia turned into a constituent (union) republic of the Soviet Union. Armenia pronounced sway on August 23, 1990, and autonomy on September 23, 1991.
The status of Nagorno-Karabakh, an enclave of 1,700 square miles in southwestern Azerbaijan populated primarily by Armenians, was from 1988 the source of bitter conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. By the mid-1990s Karabakh Armenian forces occupied much of southwestern Azerbaijan, but the conflict had caused an economic crisis in Armenia.
THE LAND
Armenia is a hilly nation described by an extraordinary assortment of view and geologic insecurity. The normal height is 5,900 feet (1,800 meters) above ocean level. There are no swamps: a large portion of the region lies at heights of 3,300 to 6,600 feet; just around one-tenth lies beneath the 3,300-foot stamp.
The northwestern piece of the Armenian Highland—containing Mount Aragats (Alaghez), the most astounding pinnacle (13,418 feet, or 4,090 meters) in the nation—is a mix of grand mountain ranges, profound waterway valleys, and magma levels spotted with terminated volcanoes. Toward the north and east, the Somkhet, Bazum, Pambak, Areguni, Shakhdag, and Vardenis scopes of the Lesser Caucasus lie over the northern part of Armenia. Raised volcanic levels (Lory, Shirak, and others), cut by profound stream valleys, lie in the midst of these reaches.
In the eastern piece of Armenia, the Sevan Basin, containing Lake Sevan (525 square miles) and stitched in by ranges taking off as high as 11,800 feet, lies at a height of around 6,200 feet. In the southwest, a vast gloom—the Ararat Plain—lies at the foot of Mount Aragats and the Geghama Range; the Aras River cuts this critical plain into equal parts, the northern half lying in Armenia and the southern in Turkey and Iran.
Armenia is liable to harming tremors. On Dec. 7, 1988, a seismic tremor crushed the northwestern town of Spitak and made serious harm Leninakan (now Gyumri), Armenia's second most crowded city. Around 25,000 individuals were executed.
info by SFWWC
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